Estado actual de la congelación lenta y la vitrificación de embriones. Perspectivas futuras
Resumen
- Antecedentes: La crioconservación de embriones es la tecnología que permite su almacenamiento a bajas temperaturas por periodos extensos de tiempo. Esta técnica posibilita la extensión de los programas de mejora genética y la conservación de razas y especies en peligro. Describir el estado actual de la congelación lenta y la vitrificación de embriones de interés ganadero y sus perspectivas futuras. Desarrollo: Debido a la demanda actual de la industria ganadera, es necesaria la aplicación de una técnica de crioconservación eficiente, sobre todo en aquellos embriones producidos in vitro, ya que poseen una menor criotolerancia. Los procesos más utilizados son la vitrificación y la congelación lenta son, aunque ambas técnicas poseen sus ventajas y limitaciones. Conclusiones: La vitrificación es una técnica económica y rápida, que evita los daños físicos provocados por la formación de los cristales de hielo; sin embargo, requiere de un mayor entrenamiento por parte del operador y no posee una alta estandarización como la congelación lenta. Además, la técnica de descongelación se adapta más a las condiciones de campo que la desvitrificación.
- Palabras claves: congelación, crioconservación, embriones, ganadería, vitrificación (Fuente: AGROVOC)
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Referencias
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